Dmitrij Iwanenko was educated in Leningrad and became a professor there before going on to professorships at Kharkov, Tomsk, Sverdlovsk and Kiev and finally ending up as a professor at Moscow University in 1942. Not much is known of A. Socolow.

Iwanenko's work centered around the treatment of the newly discovered neutron as a particle in its own right rather than a combination of a proton and an electron. Iwanenko along with Socolow developed the theor y of synchrotron radiation.

The proof of the Spin-Statistics Theorem by Iwanenko and Socolow was presented in their article, "Note on the Second Quantization of the Dirac Equation." Second Quantization refers to an analysis in which operators are derived that increase, that decrease and that count the number of particles in a field. They used conditions on the anti-commutator relations to establish the existence of an annihilator operator and a creation operator for electrons and positrons. (To be continued.)

Ian Duck and E.C.G. Sudarshan, Pauli and the Spin-Statistics Theorem,, World Scientific, Singapore, 1997.