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There are links to many of the items listed below. If
there is no link for a journal article, it is possible you can obtain if
from the e-journals
database of the King Library. The books for
which book chapters are listed below are available in the King
Library. Participants in the reading group will get a printed set of
materials and a set should be available for purchase in the AS Print Shop.
Part I
- A Starting Point
The readings in this
section are intended to set the starting point for thinking about
diversity and its relevance at SJSU.
This
policy takes a broad view of diversity which includes the many different
ways our students might be described. It also notes the importance of
diversity to intellectual engagement and a healthy campus climate.
Another
term that is emerging, particularly through the work of the Association of
American
Colleges
& Universities (AAC&U), is inclusive
excellence. This paper provides a good overview to this term and its
meaning on college campuses. (SJSU, as well as several other CSUs, is a
member of the AAC&U.)
This article provides a history to normal schools, including
the normal school that predated college and university status for SJSU.
This article also provides a good background to our history and questions
the use of the term “nontraditional” student to describe a relatively
new type of student.
- Selected data
on the gender and ethnicity make-up of SJSU students and faculty.
- Data from The
Education Trust
- U.S. Census Bureau press
release and data (3/28/05) on earnings of college graduates and
educational attainment by age, sex and race.
- U.S. Department of Education, National Center for
Educational Statistics (2006). The
Condition of Education 2006, NCES 2006-071, Washington, D.C.,
U.S. Government Printing Office. Further information - click here.
Part
II
- A New Difference
The two articles in this
section provide background on students born between 1982 and 2000 (the
majority of SJSU's students). The reading packet starts with these two
articles on millennials because it presents a difference – here,
generational, that isn’t typically talked about in terms of how
generational experiences might affect interactions on campus, yet is one
that is widespread and that cannot be “remedied” currently by hiring
millennial faculty. While the focus of the articles is on millennials,
this type of difference – a generational one, has always been a factor
on college campuses, although perhaps with the rapid technological and
global economy changes of the past few years, is more significant with
this generation than it has been in the past.
- “Teaching Millenials, Our Newest Cultural Cohort,”
by Angela Provitera McGlynn, from www.eddigest.com
[2005]
- “The New
Student” by Fred B. Newton, from About Campus, Vol.
5 Issue 5 [Nov/Dec
2000]
Click here for access information.
Part
III
- Racial, Ethnic and Cultural Diversity
As noted earlier, a lot
of research and readings on diversity focus on race, ethnicity and
culture. This section includes an assortment of readings that address
first year considerations for students of color; background on experiences
and concerns of college students of color; the concern and effects of
stereotypes and intentional and unintentional actions that ignore culture
and identity; experiences of multiracial students; white privilege and how it
exists; and the problem of having
one person speak for an entire culture or race.
There are also some articles on the benefits of racial, ethnic and
cultural diversity on campus and an article on a “grassroots” effort
to support retention of students of color.
- Transforming the
First Year of College for Students of Color by
Rendon, Garcia, Person – Chapter 1, A Call for Transformation, from
the
National
Resource
Center
for The First-Year Experience &
Students in Transition,
University
of
South Carolina
[2004]
- “Uneven
Stories: Successful Black Collegians at a Black and a White Campus”
by Fries-Britt and Turner, from The Review of Higher Education,
Vol. 25, No. 3 [Spring 2002] Click here
for access information.
- Working with
Asian
American
College
Students,
by McEwen, Kodama, Alvarez, Lee and Liang – Chapters 1 & 3; Jossey
Bass [2002] Click here
for access information.
- “Ernesto Sanchez’s
Autobiographical Analysis of Identity and School in
Acoma
,” from Chicanas and Chicanos in School, by Marcos Pizarro;
Univ. of
Texas Press [2005] Click here
for access information.
- Subtractive
Schooling, by Angela
Valenzuela, Chapter 1 (Introduction) [1999] Click here
for access information.
- “Multiracial
Student Experience: What Faculty and Campus Leaders Need to Know”
by
Alvarado, from AAC&U Diversity
Digest [1999]
- “Unpacking
the Invisible Knapsack” by Peggy McIntosh [1990]
- "Whose
Culture Is It, Anyway?” by Reyes, from The Chronicle of
Higher Education [9/19/04] If
you don't have a subscription to this periodical, you can find the
article in the library database - click here.
- “The Benefits of
Diversity” by Smith and Schonfeld, from About Campus, Vol.
5 Issue 5 [Nov/Dec 2000]
Click here for access information.
- “Effects of Racial
Diversity on Complex Thinking in College Students” by Antonio,
Chang, Hakuta, Kenny, Levin and Milem, from Psychological Science, Vol.
15, No. 8 [Aug 2004]
Click here for access information.
- “Measuring
the Impact of a Diversity Requirement on Students’ Level of Racial
Prejudice” by Chang, from AAC&U Diversity Digest
[2000]
- Excerpt from U.S.
Supreme Court decision in Grutter v. Bollinger describing the
educational benefits “that flow from a diverse student body” and
holding that considering race in admissions is permissible.
[2003]
- “Student of Color
Helping Others Stay in College: A Grassroots Effort,” by Rhoads,
Buenavista and Maldonado, from About Campus, Vol. 9 Issue 3 [Jul/Aug 2004] Click
here for access information.
Part
IV
- Diversity Also Means …
The readings in this
section are intended to remind us that despite the research and writing
focus on racial, ethnic and cultural diversity, there are many different
groups to which students might be described. A few of them (gender,
sexual orientation, religion) are discussed in this short set of
readings. These readings are not intended to represent all the ways that
“diversity” can be described, but just to remind us that it means more
than racial, ethnic and cultural diversity. The readings in this part
provide some avenues for group discussion and individual reflection on
other differences that exist in our student body.
- “Is Your Classroom Woman-Friendly?” by Wasburn,
from College Teaching, Vol. 52, No. 4 [Fall 2004] Click here
for access information.
- “Including All Voices in the Classroom” by Renn,
from College Teaching, Vol. 48, No. 4 [Fall 2000] Click here
for access information.
- “Embracing
Religious Diversity in the Classroom, “ from the
Hubbard
Center
at Appalachian
State
University
[2002]
“We
all should know that diversity makes for a rich tapestry, and we must
understand
that all the threads of the tapestry are equal in value no matter what
their color.”
Maya Angelou
Part
V
- Broadening Our Perspectives and
Challenging Everyday Practices
The three readings in
this section are diverse! They
are included because of their varying ways they call into question many
“normal” campus practices, such as encouraging students to form new
clubs if they don’t find one that suits them.
Another asks us to look at how typical classroom and university
cultures may ignore cultures of students.
- “Do Campuses Offer Choice at Diversity’s Expense?
One Anthropologist’s View,” from Recruitment & Retention in
Higher Education, Vol. 19, No. 12 [Dec. 2005] Click here
for access information.
- “Out of Our Revolutionary Minds Toward a Pedagogy of
Revolt,” from Loving in the War Years, by Cherrie L. Moraga
[2000] Click here
for access information.
- “Reconsidering
the Diversity Rationale,” by Chang, from Liberal Education
[2005]
“I
do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be
stiffled.
I want all the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely
as possible.
But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”
Mohatma Ghandhi
“We
are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, clothed in a single
garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly.
I can never be what I ought to be until
you are what you ought to be, and you can never be what you ought to be
until
I am what I ought to be. This
is the interrelated structure of reality.”
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Part
VI
- Relevance of Diversity in Teaching, and
Curricular and Co-curricular Activities
The readings in this
last section present some considerations and ideas for helping students to
gain a strong multicultural awareness, to consider diversity and broadened
perspectives in classroom activities, to consider the role of diversity in
the curriculum and to consider practices of inclusive teaching.
- “A
Developmental Model of Intercultural Maturity” by King and
Magolda, from Journal of College Student Development, Vol. 46,
No. 6 [Nov/Dec 2005]
-
These authors have conducted research and written
extensively on how students best learn through learning how to
construct knowledge and gain their voice and perspective rather than
taking that of others (self-authorship). In this article, they take
that developmental model to explain development of intercultural
maturity.
- “Deconstructing
whiteness as part of a multicultural educational framework: From
theory to practice,” by Anna M. Ortiz, from Journal of
College Student Development
[Jan/Feb 2000]
Click here for access information.
- “Question Authority” by DeVoogd, from School
Library Journal [April 2006]
-
While this was written for school librarians, it raises some
interesting ideas for getting students to look at things more broadly.
Click here for access information.
- “Teaching
in the Diverse Classroom, “ from summary of a NC State
University project [2000]
-
A brief overview of what one university did and why, to
incorporate diversity into the curriculum.
- “Strategies
for Inclusive Teaching," from
University
of
North Carolina
at
Chapel Hill
[1997]
-
This chapter is from a 200 page publication of UNC called Diversity
in the College Classroom. Should we have a similar type book
for SJSU?
- Achieving
Equitable Educational Outcomes with All Students: The Institution’s
Roles and Responsibilities by Bauman, Bustillos, Bensimon,
Brown and Bartee [2005]
-
This is the second report in a 3-part series on inclusive
excellence from the Association of American Colleges &
Universities (AAC&U), of which SJSU is a member. It provides
definitions on diversity and inclusion and takes the perspective that
“deficits at the institutional level” may be an important reason
for achievement gaps of historically underrepresented students. It
also explains a project undertaken at several southern
California
colleges and universities to identify, measure, address and assess
institutional practices that posed problems.
-
The other reports in the set, as well as well as other
information on diversity and inclusive excellence can be found at http://www.aacu.org/inclusive_excellence/.
“Everyone
is entitled to their own opinion, but not their own facts.”
Daniel Patrick Moynihan
Ideas
for Further Reading
If you have suggestions
you'd like to add to this list, please contact Professor
Annette Nellen.
AAC&U
Diversity website.
Baxter
Magolda, Marcia, and Patricia M. King, Learning Partnerships,
Stylus 2004.
Baxter
Magolda, Marcia, Making Their Own Way, Stylus, 2001.
Bok,
Derek, Our Underachieving Colleges, Princeton University Press,
2006; particularly Chapter 8 – Living with Diversity.
Borrego,
Susan E., “Class Matters – Beyond Access to Inclusion,” National
Association of Student Personnel Administration, 2003.
Business
Roundtable, The
Growing Gender Gaps in College Enrollment and Degree Attainment in the
U.S. and Their Potential Economic and Social Consequences,
prepared by the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern
University, May 2003.
Chang,
Mitchell J., Alexander W. Astin, Dongbin Kim, “Cross-Racial Interaction
Among Undergraduates: Some Consequences, Causes, and Patterns, Research
in Higher Education, Vol. 45, No. 5, August 2004.
Conaway,
Carrie, "A
psychological effect of stereotypes," Regional Review, Q1 2005,
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
GAO,
College Completion,
GAO-03-568 (May 2003)
HERI report - How
"Good" is Your Retention Rate?
Hu-DeHart, "The
Diversity Project: Institutionalizing Mulitculturalism or Managing
Differences?" in Academe (2000)
National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (NCHEMS)
- Report on Higher Education Inequality
"New
Study: Economic Diversity on College Campuses Declining," a
2006 report funded by the James Irvine Foundation
Parry,
Theresa, Claude Steele and Asa G. Hilliard III, Young,
Gifted, and Black – Promoting High Achievement Among African-American
Students, Beacon Press (2003).
Pizarro,
Marcos, Chicanas and Chicanos in School,
University
of
Texas
Press, 2005.
Pope,
Raechele L., Amy L. Reynolds, John A. Mueller, Multicultural
Competence in Student Affairs,
Jossey Bass, 2004.
Rendón,
Laura I., Mildred García, and Dawn Person, Transforming the First Year
of College for Students of Color, National Resource Center for the
First-Year Experience, Univ. of S. Carolina, 2004, Monograph Series No. 38.
Torres,
Vasti, Marcia Baxter Magolda, "Reconstructing
Latino Identity: The Influence of Cognitive Development on the Ethnic
Identity Process of Latino Students," Journal of College Student
Development, Vol. 45, No. 3, May/June 2004.
University
of
Michigan
, Center ofr Research on Learning and Teaching, “Creating
Inclusive College Classrooms,” by Shari Saunders and Diana Kardia.
University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill – The Center for Teaching and Learning,
Diversity in the College Classroom, 1997; available at http://ctl.unc.edu/tfitoc.html.
Zaytoun,
Kelli D., “Identity and Learning: The Inextricable Link,” About
Campus, Jan-Feb 2005.
Various
books published by Jossey-Bass.
Books
that Provide Interesting Examples and Stories of Cultural and Ethnic
Differences
and Their Relevance in Everyday Communications and Interactions
The
Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini
The
Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri
The
Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down by Anne Fadiman
Farmworker's
Daughter: Growing Up Mexican in
America
by Rose Castillo Guilbault (SJSU alum)
Macho!
By Victor Villasenor (1997)
Land
of
Smiles
by T.C. Huo (2000)
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