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Biology 100W: Spring 2002 Reference List Assignment



.doc file | .pdf file | Assignments | Biology Info Comp Project | Biological Sciences Dept.

Due February 27, 2002

Citations

Primary research articles, review articles/literature reviews, books, and research proposals contain citations and reference lists. When you write your literature review and research article, you will describe the primary research that has been done on your specific topic. Each time you describe someone else's research, theory, idea, etc. you must give them credit in that sentence by giving their name(s) and the date of the publication from which you received the information. This is called a citation. Citations also enable your readers to obtain more information on the topics you have described. You should cite more than one publication within a sentence if more than one publication is relevant. Interestingly, you must also give a citation for your own previously published literature.

Reference List

A reference list appears at the end of any paper that cites (refers to) published literature. Every piece of literature that you cite in your paper must appear in your reference list. Unlike a bibliography, literature that you have read but have not cited does not appear in the reference list.

Format for Citations and Reference List

Each publisher and journal requires a different format for the in-text citations and reference list (see the "Instructions for Authors" for the journal of interest). For example, some journals (such as Science) use a superscripted number as a citation and do not list the names of the articles or books in the reference list. Since there is no standard format in biology, we will use American Psychological Association (APA) style is this class. APA style is often used in biology and other fields because it is easy to follow, comprehensive, and frequently updated. You should be able to use APA style in your other classes as well.

Your Assignment

You will first need to do an electronic literature search to find at least three journal articles and one book on a topic you are considering for your literature review. You can get most of the information needed for the reference list from your electronic search without having to obtain physical copies of the articles and book. Type a reference list in APA style for the three articles and the book. Pretend that this reference list will appear in your literature review. You will be graded on how closely you follow APA style.


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