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Principles of Invariance
in Physics

Background

Theoretical particle physics works by formulating the Lagrangian function for a system; the Lagrangian L for a system being the difference between kinetic energy its K and its potential energy V; i.e.,

L = K − V

From the Lagrangian equations can be established that give the dynamics of the system. Then transformations of the equation are considered that leave the Lagrangian unchanged. These are the symmetries of the system. For examples of Lagrangian analysis see Particle Physics.

Examples of Principles
of Invariance in Physics


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